{"id":89,"date":"2021-10-12T19:12:32","date_gmt":"2021-10-12T17:12:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/?p=89"},"modified":"2021-10-12T19:12:32","modified_gmt":"2021-10-12T17:12:32","slug":"quelles-sont-les-differentes-branches-de-limagerie-medicale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/localhost\/quelles-sont-les-differentes-branches-de-limagerie-medicale\/","title":{"rendered":"Quelles sont les diff\u00e9rentes branches de l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aujourd\u2019hui, avec les prouesses technologiques, l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale est devenue une discipline \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re qui est en perp\u00e9tuelle \u00e9volution. Elle dispose de plusieurs branches qui sont utilis\u00e9es pour diagnostiquer les maladies, suivre leur \u00e9volution et d\u00e9couvrir leur fonctionnement afin de mieux traiter les malades. Toutefois, quelles sont les diff\u00e9rentes branches de l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale\u00a0?<\/p>\n

La radiographie<\/strong><\/h2>\n

La radiographie est l\u2019une des branches de l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale. Elle fait partie des plus courantes pratiqu\u00e9es en m\u00e9decine moderne avec l’utilisation du mat\u00e9riel n\u00e9cessaire pour assurer le\u00a0contr\u00f4le qualit\u00e9 en imagerie m\u00e9dicale<\/a>. En effet, la base de la radiographie repose sur l\u2019utilisation des rayons X. Ces derniers ont une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 leur permettant de visualiser les tissus tout en les traversant de mani\u00e8re plus ou moins importante selon leur densit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Au cours de la r\u00e9alisation de la radiographie, une source qui \u00e9met les rayons X est plac\u00e9e devant le corps \u00e0 diagnostiquer et un d\u00e9tecteur est plac\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re du m\u00eame corps. Cette projection \u00e9met des photons qui seront absorb\u00e9s par les tissus rencontr\u00e9s. Ceci favorise la diff\u00e9renciation des os contenus dans les muscles sur le clich\u00e9 final. Le scanner est aussi une forme d\u2019imagerie avec les m\u00eames principes de fonctionnement que la radiographie. La seule diff\u00e9rence est qu\u2019il permet l\u2019obtention des images 3D et donne plus de pr\u00e9cision.<\/p>\n

La scintigraphie monophotonique<\/strong><\/h2>\n

La scintigraphie monophotonique est une branche de l\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale dont l\u2019utilisation n\u00e9cessite deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments fondamentaux que sont\u00a0:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Un traceur radioactif inject\u00e9 au patient\u00a0;<\/li>\n
  • Une cam\u00e9ra sensible aux rayons gamma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Le traceur est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9 par un atome radioactif. Il permet d\u2019analyser l\u2019organe sp\u00e9cifi\u00e9 par \u00e9mission des photons dans tous les sens. Les photons \u00e9mis par le traceur sont capables de traverser le corps du patient pour atteindre le gamma cam\u00e9ra. \u00c9tant \u00e9quip\u00e9 de collimateurs, le gamma cam\u00e9ra laisse le passage aux rayons parall\u00e8les des espaces pr\u00e9vus \u00e0 cet effet. Une fois les points d\u2019\u00e9mission des photons d\u00e9limit\u00e9s, le gamma cam\u00e9ra tourne autour du patient. On obtient alors des images 3D apr\u00e8s reconstitution informatique.<\/p>\n

    L\u2019\u00e9chographie ultrasonore<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Elle repr\u00e9sente une modalit\u00e9 d\u2019imagerie m\u00e9dicale qui se base sur des tissus avec des ondes ultrasonores. Elle peut \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9e dans le cas du suivi d\u2019une grossesse afin de diff\u00e9rencier le squelette du f\u0153tus, de ses organes et du liquide amniotique. Elle utilise un \u00e9cran et un transducteur compos\u00e9 d\u2019une sonde \u00e9mettrice et d\u2019une sonde r\u00e9ceptrice.<\/p>\n

    Les ondes \u00e9mises traversent les tissus pour faire \u00e9cho selon leur densit\u00e9. Les tissus plus denses auront donc un \u00e9cho plus important que les autres. La sonde re\u00e7oit \u00e9galement les ondes, ce qui donne une vibration des c\u00e9ramiques, conduisant \u00e0 l\u2019induction du courant \u00e9lectrique trait\u00e9 par l\u2019outil informatique.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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